Pediatric imaging is a branch of radiology focused on infants, children, and teenagers. Children’s bodies are still growing, so radiology teams adjust equipment settings and radiation doses to match each patient’s size and age. Physicians use these images to examine bones, organs, and the nervous system when a child shows signs of developmental delay or physical differences. Here are some pediatric imaging techniques for assessing developmental disorders:
X-Rays for Bone Development
X-rays send a small amount of radiation through the body to create images of dense structures like bone. A common pediatric use is the bone age study. This study compares an X-ray of the left hand and wrist to reference images, and the radiologist reviews the growth plates to estimate skeletal maturity. Doctors may order this type of pediatric imaging when a child grows faster or slower than expected. X-rays also help identify scoliosis, skeletal dysplasias, and hip dysplasia in older infants.
CT Scans for Structural Abnormalities
CT scans provide detailed images of the body’s internal structures, and they combine multiple X-ray images into cross-sectional views. This helps evaluate conditions that affect a child’s developing bones, joints, organs, and other structures. CT imaging may be used to assess inherited and heart conditions.
CT scans use more radiation than a standard X-ray. Because children are more sensitive to radiation exposure, pediatric protocols lower the dose based on the child’s weight. The imaging itself is quick, and many children do not need sedation.
MRIs for the Brain and Spine
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a strong magnet and radio waves instead of radiation. It shows soft tissue in high detail. Pediatric radiologists may use MRI to diagnose and monitor conditions such as encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, or other conditions affecting the brain and spine. A brain MRI shows cortical malformations, while a spine MRI looks for conditions such as tethered cord.
An MRI can last up to an hour, and the patient must stay still the entire time. Infants are sometimes imaged with a “feed and wrap” approach. The baby is fed, swaddled, and allowed to fall asleep in the machine. Older children may watch a video through special goggles. Younger children who are unable to remain still sometimes need sedation or anesthesia.
Ultrasound for Developmental Abnormalities
Ultrasound uses sound waves to produce real-time images without radiation. Pediatric radiologists may use it to examine the abdomen, pelvis, and other areas of the body. The technique can help evaluate organs and soft tissues when a child has:
- Swelling
- Infections
- Pain
- Trauma
Ultrasound also provides information that helps physicians identify and monitor certain conditions. These may include inherited conditions, heart conditions, and tumors. The imaging technique also helps evaluate juvenile arthritis, and it provides information about other conditions affecting a child’s developing body.
Schedule Pediatric Imaging
Each imaging method has specific strengths and preparation steps. Your child’s physician will select the test based on symptoms, age, and the body area involved. Pediatric imaging helps physicians identify conditions early, and it provides information that guides ongoing care. Contact a pediatric imaging clinic today to schedule an appointment.
- Pediatric Imaging Techniques for Assessing Developmental Disorders
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